A qualitative research on the responsibility understanding and difficult experience of respiratory nurses in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the responsibilities of respiratory nurses in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patient and the difficulties in disease management, so as to provide reference basis for formulating COPD management training strategies for respiratory nurses.Methods:Using phenomenological methodology, 14 nurses from the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University and the First People′s Hospital of Yinchuan were interviewed in a personal semi-structured way from May to August 2021, and the data were sorted and analyzed according to Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results:Nurses′understanding of the responsibilities of COPD patient management could be summarized into five themes: dynamic monitoring and management of patients′ health, nursing decision-making of sudden changes in patients′ condition, implementation of patients′ out of hospital follow-up, promotion of improvement of patients′ self-management behavior, and cooperation among multidisciplinary team members. The difficult experience of nurses in the management of COPD patients abstracted five themes: lack of professional knowledge of COPD management, lack of clinical nursing decision-making authority, lack of human and financial support for follow-up, lack of communication skills with patients, and lack of multidisciplinary team formation in the hospital.Conclusions:Respiratory nurses have a clear understanding of the responsibilities of COPD patient management, but there are multiple difficulties in performing their responsibilities. We should pay attention to the responsibility positioning and difficulty support of nurses′ COPD management, and formulate targeted training strategies to promote the improvement of COPD nursing quality.

Comparison of the predictive performance of Logistic regression, BP neural network and support vector machine model for the risk of acute exacerbation of readmission in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within 30 days / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To compare the effectiveness of Logistic regression, BP neural network and support vector machine models in the prediction of 30-day risk of readmission in elderly patients with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to provide a scientific basis for the screening and prevention of high-risk patients with readmission.Methods:The COPD patient survey questionnaire was made, including the general data questionnaire, modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC), activities of daily living (ADL), the geriatric depression scale, the mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF) and COPD assessment test (CAT). Elderly COPD patients were selected from the department of respiratory medicine of 13 general hospitals in Ningxia from April 2019 to August 2020 by convenience sampling method, and they were followed up 30 days after discharge. To explore the risk factors of patient readmission, Logistic regression model, BP neural network model and support vector machine models were constructed based on the risk factors. According to the ratio of the training set to the testing set of 7∶3, the model was divided into the training set sample and the testing set sample. The prediction efficiency of the model was compared by the precision rate, recall rate and accuracy rate, F1 index and the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC).Results:A total of 1 120 patients were investigated, including 879 non-readmission patients and 241 readmission patients. Univariate regression analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age, education level, smoking status, proportion of diabetes and coronary heart disease, hospitalization times of acute exacerbation of COPD in the past 1 year, seasonal factors and long-term home oxygen therapy, regular medication, proportion of rehabilitation exercise, course of disease, ADL, depression status, mMRC, nutritional status between non-readmission patients and readmission patients. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that education level, smoking status, coronary heart disease, hospitalization times of acute exacerbation of COPD in the past 1 year, seasonal factors, whether long-term home oxygen therapy, whether regular medication, nutritional status were the risk factors for 30-day acute exacerbation of readmission in elderly patients with COPD. The training set showed that the accuracy rate of Logistic regression model, BP neural network model and support vector machine models were 70.95%, 76.51% and 84.78%, respectively. The recall rates were 79.55%, 86.36% and 88.64%, respectively. The accuracy rates were 87.81%, 90.81% and 93.82%, respectively. F1 indexes were 0.75, 0.81 and 0.87, respectively. The AUC were 0.850, 0.893 and 0.921, respectively. The testing set showed that the precision rate of Logistic regression model, BP neural network model and support vector machine model were 78.38%, 80.65% and 88.57%, respectively. The recall rates were 70.73%, 60.98% and 75.61%, respectively. The accuracy rates were 85.82%, 84.40% and 90.07%, respectively. F1 indexes were 0.74, 0.69 and 0.82, respectively. The AUC were 0.814, 0.775 and 0.858, respectively.Conclusion:Comparing with Logistic regression and BP neural network, support vector machine model has better prediction effect, and can effectively predict the risk of acute exacerbation of readmission in elderly patients with COPD within 30 days.

Application of task-based teaching method combined with formative evaluation in nursing teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To evaluate the application effect of task-based teaching combined with formative evaluation in the teaching of Nursing Research. Methods:A total of 56 nursing students from Batch 2016 were selected as the research objects. The task-based teaching method and formative evaluation were applied in the teaching of Nursing Research to guide the students to participate in and complete the whole nursing research process. The changes of students' autonomous learning ability, learning behavior and innovation ability before and after the course were investigated by questionnaires, so as to evaluate the teaching effect. SPSS 24.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:There were significant differences in the scores of students' independent learning ability before the course (90.43±9.45) and that after the course (94.73±9.64) ( t=-11.87, P<0.05), especially in the aspects of information ability, learning and cooperation ability ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in the score of students' innovation ability before the course (73.64±10.12) and that after the course (77.34±12.31) ( t=-3.05, P<0.05), especially in the aspects of innovative thinking ability and innovative practice ability ( P<0.05). In addition, the students' learning behavior also changed significantly, which was manifested in the increased action of preview, review and questioning. Conclusion:Task-based teaching method combined with formative evaluation can improve students' autonomous learning ability, learning behavior and innovation ability.

Investigation on nurses′cognition of oral care for hospitalized elderly patients in general ward / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To understand the current situation of nurses′ implementation of oral care for elderly patients, so as to improve oral care practice standard and quality of oral care constantly.Methods:Using convenient sampling method, 190 nurses in the general ward of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were selected as the research object from September to November 2020. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze the implementation of oral care among elderly patients.Results:A total of 190 questionnaires were collected in this survey, 84.74%(161/190) of the nurses reported that the hospital or department had oral care practice standard; The proportion of nurses who evaluated the oral status of elderly patients by the oral care assessment tool was 17.89%(34/190).Only 14.74%(28/190) and 16.84%(32/190) of the nurses could always set the expected rehabilitation goals and formulate the corresponding nursing plans for the oral problems of elderly patients, respectively. When the elderly patients had special oral problems, 26.32% (50/190) of the nurses would proactively communicate with doctors or search literature; the oral knowledge and oral hygiene habits of the elderly patients would be known to nurses accounting for 5.26% (10/190).Conclusions:Nurses′ cognition of oral care for elderly patients is at a low level on the structure, process and outcome.Relevant nursing managers still need to further improve the oral care operation norms and the training of nurses′ knowledge and skills, so as to continuously promote the oral health of elderly patients.

Investigation of posttraumatic stress disorder and coping style in medical school undergraduates / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in medical school undergraduates, in order to provide reference to promote their mental health.Methods:Adopting stratified and cluster sampling method, 883 undergraduates from Xi ′an Medical College were selected and surveyed on March 9-16, 2020 by general condition questionnaire, PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Results:The total score of PCL-C was (24.34 ± 8.12) points, (7.19 ± 2.61) points for re-experiencing symptoms, (9.87 ± 3.49) points for avoidance symptoms, and (7.28 ± 2.85) points for arousal symptoms. The incidence of PTSD was 8.2% (72/883). The scores of PTSD symptoms were higher in grade four students and whose coping tendency was negative, (26.37 ± 9.26) and (26.49 ± 9.48), respectively ( F value was 3.065, P<0.05; t value was -9.357, P<0.001). Positive coping scores were negatively correlated to PTSD symptoms ( r value was -0.130, P<0.001), while negative coping scores were positively correlated to PTSD ( r value was 0.244, P<0.001). Medical students with strong professional attitude had lower PTSD scores (23.23 ± 6.92)( F value was 21.650, P<0.001) and lower negative coping scores (8.21 ± 4.65) ( F value was 6.567, P<0.001). Conclusions:The incidence of PTSD was 8.2% in medical school undergraduates, whose severity was related to grade and coping tendency. Appropriate crisis intervention should be taken among medical students to improve their positive coping style, strengthen their professional identification and promote their mental health.

Effects of different sample preservation methods on the lymphocyte subset detection by flow cytometry / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective@#To discuss the effects of sample storage time and temperature on lymphocyte subsets detected by flow cytometry.@*Methods@#Use flow cytometry to detect lymphocyte subsets of a total of 53 blood samples from hospitalized and out-patient patients in Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital from October 26, 2018 to March 30, 2019. The test was completed within 4 hours after sample collection, which is the control group. The treatment groups are as follows: pretreatment was completed within 4 hours and detected after saving samples at room temperature (group A) for 24 and 36 hours; the tests were performed after keeping samples at room temperature (group B) for 24, 48, 72 hours; completed detection after preserving samples in 4 ℃ condition (group C) for 24, 48, 72 hours.@*Results@#In treatment group A, there was no significant difference in the results of lymphocyte subsets detected after 24 hours of storage compared with the control group(P>0.05); after 36 h of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes percentages were significantly increased [(74.28±11.31)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.15±14.82)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], while CD19+cells percentage were markedly decreased [(15.60±12.23)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]. In group B, compared with the control group, there was no obvious change in lymphocyte subsets tested after 24 hours(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD19+cells percentage were observably reduced [(15.60±12.09)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05], while other results showed no obvious change (P>0.05); after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages elevated significantly [(75.78±11.18)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.57±14.90)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(14.89±11.92)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]. In group C, there also was no significant change in the results between detecting after 24 hours and the control group(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD3+CD8+T cells percentage elevated obviously [(32.03±14.95)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; P<0.05] and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(15.32±11.97)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]; after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages were significantly increased [(75.63±11.08)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.62±14.98)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], while CD56+and CD19+cells percentages were reduced observably [(8.21±6.52)% vs (9.02±6.80)%, (14.83±11.79)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; all P<0.05].@*Conclusions@#The blood samples can be kept at room temperature and the testshould be completed within 48 h if the detection of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry cannot be performed in time; for the samples that have been pretreated, detection can be completed after saving at room temperature for 24 h, and the above treatments had no significant effect on the inspection results.

Effects of different sample preservation methods on the lymphocyte subset detection by flow cytometry / 中华检验医学杂志

[Abastract] Objective To discuss the effects of sample storage time and temperature on lymphocyte subsets detected by flow cytometry.Methods Use flow cytometry to detect lymphocyte subsets of a total of 53 blood samples from hospitalized and out-patient patients in Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from October 26, 2018 to March 30, 2019. The test was completed within 4 hours after sample collection, which is the control group. The treatment groups are as follows: pretreatment was completed within 4 hours and detected after saving samples at room temperature (group A) for 24 and 36 hours;the tests were performed after keeping samples at room temperature (group B) for 24, 48, 72 hours; completed detection after preserving samples in 4℃condition (group C) for 24, 48, 72 hours. Results In treatment group A, there was no significant difference in the results of lymphocyte subsets detected after 24 hours of storage compared with the control group(P>0.05);after 36 h of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes percentages were significantly increased [(74.28 ± 11.31)％vs (73.78 ± 11.33)％, (32.15 ± 14.82)％vs (31.00 ± 14.79)％;all P<0.05], while CD19+cells percentage were markedly decreased [(15.60 ± 12.23)％vs (16.11 ± 12.38)％;P<0.05]. In group B, compared with the control group, there was no obvious change in lymphocyte subsets tested after 24 hours(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD19+cells percentage were observably reduced [(15.60 ± 12.09)％ vs (16.11 ± 12.38)％;P<0.05], while other results showed no obvious change (P>0.05); after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages elevated significantly [(75.78 ± 11.18)％vs (73.78 ± 11.33)％, (32.57 ± 14.90)％vs (31.00 ± 14.79)％;all P<0.05], and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(14.89±11.92)％vs (16.11±12.38)％;P<0.05]. In group C, there also was no significant change in the results between detecting after 24 hours and the control group(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD3+CD8+T cells percentage elevated obviously [(32.03±14.95)％vs (31.00±14.79)％;P<0.05] and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(15.32±11.97)％vs (16.11±12.38)％;P<0.05];after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages were significantly increased [(75.63±11.08)％vs (73.78± 11.33)％, (32.62 ± 14.98)％vs (31.00 ± 14.79)％;all P<0.05], while CD56+and CD19+cells percentages were reduced observably [(8.21 ± 6.52)％ vs (9.02 ± 6.80)％, (14.83 ± 11.79)％ vs (16.11 ± 12.38)％;all P<0.05]. Conclusions The blood samples can be kept at room temperature and the testshould be completed within 48 h if the detection of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry cannot be performed in time;for the samples that have been pretreated, detection can be completed after saving at room temperature for 24 h, and the above treatments had no significant effect on the inspection results.

Bibliometrical analysis of hot literature on family physician research in China / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To identify current research hotspots, research trends and future trends of family physician research by means of literature review. Methods " Family physician" and " general practitioner" were used as the search words, to retrieve in CNKI database the literature on family physicians published during 2011 - 2018 using the method of subject retrieval, with related literature citations downloaded. The citespace software was used to analyze and generate the research institutions and their cooperative network, the keyword co-occurrence network and emergent word analysis. Information visualization was used to analyze the current research status of family physicians in China. Results A total of 1616 papers were retrieved, and 773 literatures were finalized as research samples with exclusion of those obviously irrelevant. The study found that studies in China focused on talent cultivation, service contract signature of family physicians, pattern of such contracts, and the construction of primary medical institutions. In terms of future research trends, the hotspots fell on " performance evaluation" , " incentive mechanism" , " talent cultivation" , " health management" , and " chronic disease management" by such physicians. Conclusions This paper used citespace software in a visual analysis of the research on family physicians in the recent eight years, so as to explore the research hotspots, research trends and future trends of such study in China.

Status of emotional-social loneliness in patients with acute cerebral infarction and the related factors analysis / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the status of emotional-social loneliness including emotional isolation,social isolation,emotional and social loneliness in patients with acute cerebral infraction,and to analyze the related factors.Methods A total of 122 patients with acute cerebral infraction admitted to the neurology department of 5 third-grade class-A hospitals from Jan.2017 to Oct.2017 were enrolled.Data was collected by self-reported questionnaires including patients' general data and the emotional-social loneliness questionnaire data.Results Among 122 patients with acute cerebral infraction,emotional isolation,social isolation,emotional loneliness and social loneliness were found in 48 cases(39.3％),60 cases(49.2％),40 cases(32.8％)and 36 cases(29.5％),respectively.The total average score for emotional isolation,social isolation,emotional loneliness and social loneliness were 8.3 ± 5.2,8.6 ± 5.1,7.5 ± 6.1,and 7.4 ± 5.5,respectively.The scores for emotional-social loneliness were associated with education level,monthly family income,occupations and the emotion state before disease,and were not associated with gender,marriage status and stroke history.Conclusions The prevalence of emotional-social loneliness is high in patients with acute cerebral infraction.Especially careful attention should be paid to patients with higher education level and retired with monthly family income ≥5 000 RMB.

Bactericidal mechanism of electrolyzed oxidizing water against Pseudomonas aeruginosa / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the bactericidal mechanism of electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) against Pseudomona aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa).Methods Bactericidal mechanism of EOW against P.aeruginosa was studied through intracellular protein leakage,nucleic acid,and cell membrane calcium ion permeability,2 ％ glutaraldehyde was used as positive control group,and normal saline (NS) was used as negative control group.Results The killing rates of EOW and 2％ glutaraldehyde to P.aeruginosa were both＞99.99％ with 30-second contact time,and 100.00％ with 60-second contact time.After 60-second contact with EOW,NS,and 2％ glutaraldehyde,the protein leakage of P.aeruginosa detected by bicinchoninic acid (BCA) were (96.00 ± 7.42),(94.15 ± 7.49),and (216.97 ± 10.35)μg/mL,respectively,difference was significant(F =613.20,P＜0.01),2％ glutaraldehyde group was higher than EOW group and NS group;protein leakage did not change with the increase of contact time(all P＞0.05).Electrophoretogram of random amplified polymorphic DNA showed high intensity dense band between 500-1000 Kb in EOW group and NS group,while 2％ glutaraldehyde group was without amplified bands.The fluorescence intensity of calcium ion of EOW group and 2％ glutaraldehyde group were both lower than that of NS group.Conclusion Bactericidal mechanism of EOW may be due to the damage of membrane permeability of P.aeruginosa,which causes Ca2+ leakage,but fails to cause protein leakage,the damage to nucleic acid is not obvious,DNA may not be a bactericidal target of EOW.

Discussion on Management of Vinum Health Food / 中国中医药信息杂志

This article introduced basic information of production composition, health preservation functions and main raw materials of authorized vinum health food. It also made comparison and analysis among vinum health food, medicinal liquor and compound wine on the basis of product orientation, raw materials, and evaluation system. It conducted analysis on turmoil and main problems in health preservation wine market. Combined with the problems in the supervision of health preservation, it proposed the policy suggestions of strehgthening administration of vinum health food and identify the production orientation of vinum health food, medicinal liquor and compound wine from the aspects of raw materials, function claimation and management. It also put forward rational consumption suggestions, with a purpose to offer references to related authorities, researchers, and consumers.

Case analysis and inspiration on a case of American dietary supplements management / 国际中医中药杂志

Oregon sued a certain American well-known supplements’agency contained illegal ingredients on Oct.22, 2015. The event presented that FDA showed the problem of the management issues on the supplement ingredients. This event also triggered the discussions about the role of supervisation and law enforcement of FDA and State government. This paper aimed to systematically analyze the related problems in such issue and tried to offer suggestion of food regulation and ingredient management to the researchers and administrators in China.

Studies on medicinal ingredients and pharmacological effects of Lonicera / 中国药理学通报

This paper arranged the research results of the chemi-cal components and pharmacological effects of five kinds of Loni-cera. All these herbs have organic acids( chlorogenic acid) , fla-vonoids( galuteolin) , triterpenoid saponins, iridoids and volatile oils, and have antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, an-tioxidant, hepatoprotective, immunological effects, and so on.The major medicinal ingredients and pharmacological effects of these herbs have no significant difference. Some similar pharma-cological effects are caused by different chemical components.

Preparation and biocompatibility of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane/polypyrrole/polyester monofilament / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Now most of the researches on transplant hair are based on the patients with enough hair, but there is no apparent corrective effect for large area of alopecia. Implanted artificial hairs can solve this problem. OBJECTIVE:To make and evaluate the γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane/polypyrrole/polyester (KH-550/PPy/PET) composite monofilament as implanted artificial hairs, and to carry out cytotoxicity tests using NCTC clone 929 cels with composite monofilament. METHODS:KH-550/PPy/PET composite monofilament was prepared in a series of steps, including pre-spotting, alkali treatment, silane coupling agent treatment and polypyrrole coating. The viability of NCTC clone 929 cels were detected after 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 days of co-culture with composite monofilament by using cellcounting kit-8. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:KH-550/PPy/PET composite monofilament had a smooth surface without crack. The PPy films did not come off accidentaly and had good wearability. After alkali treatment, PPy quality on the surface of monofilament was significantly heavier than before. Using silane coupling agent (KH-550) could effectively enhance biocompatibility and binding force of polyester monofilaments. After co-cultured with composite monofilaments, the viability of NCTC clone 929 cels was 100%, 80.37%, 73.26%, 81.96%, 77.50% at days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 respectively. The level of cytotoxicity was grade 1. The results show that KH-550 can effectively enhance the binding force between PPy and PET monofilament, and the prepared KH-550/PPy/PET composite monofilament has good biocompatibility and no acute toxicity.

CT findings of suspected anastomotic recurrence of Crohn's disease after ileocolic resection / 中华临床营养杂志

@#Objective To determine the utility of computed tomographic (CT) enteroclysis for characterization of the status of the anastomotic site in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who have previously undergone ileocolic resection. Methods Totally 31 CD patients who had previously undergone ileocolic resection were enrolled in the study. After having been orally administered with isosmotic mannitol, the patients received CT scanning including plain scan, arterial phase scan, and portal venous phase scan. The abnormal CT findings were analyzed based on portal venous phase images. CT enteroclysis findings in 31 patients were evaluated by two radiologists in consensus. Endoscopic findings, histopathologic findings, and/or the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) were used as the reference criteria. Associations between CT enteroclysis findings and anastomotic site status were assessed. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CT enteroclysis for the diagnosis of normal anastomosis versus anastomotic recurrence were estimated. Results Twenty-six cases and 5 cases were diagnosed as disease recurrence and normal anastomosis, respectively. In the disease recurrence group, 11 patients (42%) had lymphadenopathy (diameter＞ 1 cm) and 8 patients (31%) had peri-anastomotic fistulas, which were absent in normal anastomosis group, but the difference was not significant Anastomotic wall thickening more than 6 mm, marked mucosal enhancement, stratification, and peri-anastomotic stranding were found in 16 (62%), 19 (73%), 14 (54%), and 20 (77%) cases, respectively, in disease recurrence group, which were absent in normal anastomosis group ( all P ＜ 0.05 ). When the diagnosis of anastomotic recurrence was based on more than two of the following six variables, including lymphadenopathy, peri-anastomotic fistulas, anastomotic wall thickening more than 6 mm, marked mucosal enhancement, stratification, and peri-anastomotic stranding, its sensitivity, specificity, postive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy yielded 88%, 100%, 100%, 63%, and 90%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of anostomotic stenosis with CT was only 53%. Conclusion CT enteroclysis yields objective and relatively specific morphologic criteria that help differentiate between recurrent disease and normal at the anastomotic site after ileocolic resection for CD.

Dual-source CT in the detection of coronary artery disease: a Meta analysis / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To conduct a Meta analysis based evaluation of dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Literatures publicated from January 2006 to July 2009, including in English or Chinese languages, were searched in Medline,China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese Medical Assosiation Digital Periodicals (CMADP). A study was enrolled if it: ( 1 ) used DSCT angiography as the diagnostic test for the detection of significant coronary stenosis ( ≥50% diameter stenosis) in patients with suspected CAD; (2) used coronary angiography as the reference standard. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were acquired based on the bivariate random-effects modol. Hierarchical weighted symmetric summary receiver-operating curve (HSROC) was also estimated. The pooled likelihood ratios were calculated based on the pooled sensitivity and specificity. Combined with the pooled likelihood ratios, the clinical utility of the results was estimated according to Bayes'theory. Results Total of ten articles enrolled in this study, included 1271 patients. The mean rate of nonevaluable patients and segments were 5.6% (33/590) and 2. 3% (271/11 745 ), respectively. The pooled statistical results were as follows: the sensitivity and specificity were 99% (97%-99% ) and 86% (79%-90% ), respectively; the positive and negative likelihood ratio were 6. 84 and 0. 01, respectively. If a pre-test probability was below 84%, the likelihood of disease was less than 5% on a negative diagnosis of DSCT. If a pre-test probability was above 13%, the likelihood of disease was more than 50% on a positive diagnosis of DSCT. Conclusions DSCT angiography presents good diagnostic performance in the detection of CAD; however, it could not completely replace conventional coronary angiography.

Risk Factors of Bacteria Producing Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases(ESBLs) from Children′ Various Types of Specimens / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To study the risk factors of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs) producing bacteria infection in children,and provide reference to prevent and control the prevalence of bacterial strain of ESBLs.METHODS In a case and control studys the samples were selected randomly from 2007 to 2009 in the Children′s Hospital of Shanxi Province.The samples of case and control were all 100.RESULTS ?2 Test showed that boy and baby,previous history,pneumonia,medical ward,hospital infection and using antibiotics before admission to hospital were the risk factors;t-test showed that high white blood cell and neutrophil were the protective factors;Logistic regression showed that boy,previous history,hospital infection,using antibiotics before admission to hospital and medical ward were the risk factors and anal tube was a protective factor.CONCLUSIONS Increasing the rate of bacteriological test to the children who have the relative risk factors is very important to prevent and control the prevalence of ESBLs strain.

Coronary artery imaging with dual-source CT:initial experience / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the scan technique and image quality of coronary artery imaging with dual-source CT without oral Betaloc preparation.Methods Plain and enhanced dual-source CT coronary artery imaging without oral Betaloc preparation was performed in 215 patients with clinically suspected coronary heart disease or early-stage coronary lesions.Calcium scoring with plain scan images and multi-planar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP)and volume rendering technique (VRT)reconstruction with enhanced scan images were made in all cases.The scan technique and post reconstruction experience was summarized.The image quality was classified as three grades,and coronary segments classified according to AHA standards were evaluated.Results The median of calcium score of the 215 cases was 82.2(2.3—1827.9).The average heart rate of the enhanced scan was(80.6?15.3) (57—139)bpm.The post reconstruction methods with which coronary segments could be shown as best as possible consisted of(1)multiphases screening methods,(2)bi-phase or multiple-phase complement method,and(3)premature beat removing or arrhythmia shifting method.Altogether 3026 coronary segments were evaluated,among them 97.5% were evaluated as grade 1 image quality,2.0% were evaluated as grade 2 and 0.5% were evaluated as grade 3.The coronary segments in 91 cases were completely normal, while 112 segments with

Coronary Artery Imaging in Patients with High Heart Rate by Dual-source CT:The Initial Experience / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the scanning technique and image quality of coronary artery imaging with dual-source CT without oral Betaloc preparation in the patients with high heart rate.Methods 412 cases were undergone coronary imaging with dual-source CT (including plain and enhanced scans) ,among them,there were 30 cases with heart rate more than 100 bpm.Multi-planar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP) and volume rendering (VR) were performed using contrast-enhanced images.The image quality was classified into 3 grades, and coronary segments named according to AHA standard were evaluated.Results The average heart rate during enhanced scan in the 30 cases was (115.6?11.8)(101～139)bpm,the average breath hold time was (5.7?1.2) s.The best reconstruction phase was in the systolic phase. Altogether 424 coronary segments were evaluated, among them 93.9%(398/424)belonged to the first grade,5.0%(21/424)belonged to the second grade,and 1.2%(5/424) belonged to the third grade. Conclusion Without oral administration of Betaloc preparation, good coronary artery images can be obtained in the patients with high heart rate by dual-source CT.

Clinical observation on early post-operative enteral nutrition for the patients with oral tumour / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To observe the influence of post-operative early enteral nutrition(EEN) for oral tumour patients.Methods:Sixty patients with oral tumour were randomly divided into EEN group (30 cases) and tradition enteral nutrition(TEN) group (30 cases). The nutritional support with Nutrision fiber started within the first 12~16 h post-operatively in EEN group, The enteral feeding started within the recovery time of the gut function in TEN group. Nutritional parameters were measured before and after the operation. Results:The mean hospitalization days in EEN group and TEN group were 10.14?1.58 and 15.29?3.26 respectively(P